Volume 22 Issue 2
The Effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Control on the Immediate Postnatal Outcomes in Neonates
Sarika Gaikwad, Arva Dahodwala, Punam Uke, Shirin Mullan
Abstract
Aim: To study the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) control on the immediate postnatal outcomes
Materials and Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Of the 1024 pregnant women who visited the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit of the hospital, 60 women who had GDM were enrolled into the study. Details about maternal diabetic status were obtained, and the mothers were classified into 3 groups based on blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels: totally controlled (TC), adequately controlled (AC), and uncontrolled (UC) groups.
Neonates were monitored postnatally for immediate outcomes, up to the first 15 days. They were monitored for hypoglycemia and other symptoms such as hyperbilirubinemia, polycythemia, and hypocalcemia. The postnatal outcomes were then compared among the TC, AC, and UC groups.
Results: Of the 60 (5.8%) pregnant women diagnosed with GDM, 18 (30%) were in the TC group, 29 (48.3%) were in the AC group, and 13 (21.6%) were in the UC group. Based on the neonatal outcomes data, 7 (53.8%) neonates from the UC group had hypoglycemia and 4 (13.8%) neonates from the AC group had hypoglycemia, whereas none of the neonates from the TC group had hypoglycemia (P = .0063).
Conclusion: Among the 3 groups, it was noticed that the neonates of the mothers who had TC or AC GDM had better outcomes, especially in terms of hypoglycemia.
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