Long-Term Sequelae of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis

Anjali Sundar Raj, Suman Rao Padubidri Nanyam

Abstract

Neonatal bacterial meningitis is a serious illness, with significant short-term and long-term morbidities. The most common long-term consequences associated with the disease are neurodevelopmental impairment, with cognition being affected the most, followed by motor deficits and emotional and behavioural issues. Other long-term consequences include hearing loss, late-onset seizures, and persistent hydrocephalus. Certain other rare consequences include arachnoiditis, myelopathy, and vision impairment. All these can significantly affect quality of life of the child. Knowledge about these morbidities and the risk factors associated with them shall aid in planning effective multidisciplinary follow-up and timely interventions.

Here, we discuss about the predominant long-term consequences of neonatal bacterial meningitis and its risk factors and highlight the importance of a structured follow-up of neonates with meningitis.